# Oasis Sapphire

> Oasis Sapphire: Confidential EVM. Technology: trusted execution environments (TEEs).

Part of the Soda Labs Privacy Hub, a neutral directory of the on-chain privacy
landscape: https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub

## Key facts

- Entry type: Privacy project
- Category: Confidential EVM
- Technology: Trusted execution environment (TEE)
- Website: https://oasisprotocol.org
- Tags: TEE, confidential EVM, L1
- Canonical page: https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub/oasis

## Overview

Oasis Sapphire is the confidential EVM that has been in production the longest: ordinary Solidity, encrypted state and encrypted calldata, running inside Intel SGX enclaves. The developer experience is deliberately close to a normal EVM chain, which is why teams can ship on it without relearning how to write contracts. Oasis has also been unusually candid about the hardware it stands on, publishing its own analysis of the SGX key-extraction research and, in response to it, restricting the committees that hold encryption keys to vetted operator partners. Value locked on the network is modest, and the strength of the model tracks the strength of the enclave underneath it.

## About Trusted execution environment

Computation runs inside an isolated hardware enclave whose contents the host operating system cannot read, under a hardware-trust assumption. Compared side by side with the other approaches at https://www.sodalabs.xyz/taxonomy.

## Sources

- [Docs](https://docs.oasis.io/build/sapphire/)
- [Sapphire source](https://github.com/oasisprotocol/sapphire-paratime)
- [Oasis on TEE research](https://oasis.net/blog/how-oasis-protects-privacy-despite-tee-vulnerabilities)
- [SGX research archive](https://sgx.fail)

## Related entries

- [Secret Network](https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub/secret): Confidential L1
- [Seismic](https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub/seismic): Encrypted EVM L1 (pre-mainnet)
- [iExec](https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub/iexec): Confidential compute network
- [Inco](https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub/inco): Confidential token framework
- [Phala](https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub/phala): Confidential compute network
- [Aleo](https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub/aleo): Privacy L1