# Oman

> Oman (Financial Services Authority · Central Bank of Oman): The only rule found that names privacy wallets. Region: Middle East & Africa. Attribution required: A regulated firm must be able to attribute activity to an identified person, and assets or accounts that make that impossible are barred at the licensed perimeter. This is a rule about attribution, not about whether amounts are public.

Part of the Soda Labs Privacy Hub regulation map, which reads the instruments
themselves rather than summarising the summaries: https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub/regulation

## Key facts

- Entry type: Jurisdiction
- Region: Middle East & Africa
- Subject: The only rule found that names privacy wallets
- Authority: Financial Services Authority · Central Bank of Oman
- Stance on on-chain confidentiality: Attribution required. A regulated firm must be able to attribute activity to an identified person, and assets or accounts that make that impossible are barred at the licensed perimeter. This is a rule about attribution, not about whether amounts are public.
- Tags: privacy wallets named, beneficial owner concealment, E/35/2023, framework pending
- Canonical page: https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub/regulation/jur-oman

## What it actually says

Most rules in this section reach assets, and a few reach tools. Oman's drafting reaches further than any other we found. The registration decision already bars virtual assets that conceal the identity of the originator or the nature of the transaction, which is broad on its own. The consultation framework then extends the intent to tumblers, mixers and, unusually, privacy-enhanced wallets, and targets concealment of the holder and beneficial owner rather than only the counterparties to a transfer. That last move matters: a rule aimed at who owns an asset catches designs that a transfer-focused rule would miss. We could not confirm whether the wider framework has been finalised, so treat the registration decision as the operative instrument.

## The instruments that matter

- **FSA Decision No. E/35/2023**: providers must register and meet enhanced anti-money-laundering requirements, and the decision includes the prohibition of virtual assets that conceal the identity of the originator or the nature of the transaction
- **The draft framework goes further**: the Virtual Assets Regulatory Framework consultation, opened 30 July 2023, states an intention to strictly prohibit the issuance of privacy coins, defined as assets allowing reduced transparency and increased obfuscation of financial flows
- **It reaches tools and holders, not just transfers**: the consultation would outlaw tumblers, mixers, privacy-enhanced wallets and other technologies that obscure the identity of the sender, recipient, holder or beneficial owner
- **Status of the fuller framework unconfirmed**: the registration duty is in force; whether the wider framework has been finalised we could not verify

## Sources

- [Overview of crypto in Oman](https://www.addleshawgoddard.com/en/insights/insights-briefings/2025/financial-services/overview-of-crypto-in-oman/)

## Related entries

- [Bahrain](https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub/regulation/jur-bahrain): A listing test written against effects, not asset names
- [Egypt](https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub/regulation/jur-egypt): Crypto barred, so data protection is the live constraint
- [Kenya](https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub/regulation/jur-kenya): The ban written into primary legislation, not a rulebook
- [Kuwait](https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub/regulation/jur-kuwait): A ban whose stated reason is anonymity itself
- [Qatar](https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub/regulation/jur-qatar): Exclusion by perimeter rather than prohibition
- [South Africa](https://www.sodalabs.xyz/privacy-hub/regulation/jur-south-africa): A travel rule that starts at any value above zero